TY - ABST

T1 - Video-Mediated Interaction and blindness

AU - Due, Brian Lystgaard

AU - Lüchow, Louise

AU - Nielsen, Ann Merrit Rikke

AU - Jakobsen, Savi

PY - 2021/6/25

Y1 - 2021/6/25

N2 - Video-Mediated Interaction and blindness: Preliminary observations on the accomplishment of organizing a face-to-screenface formation without sightThere is a morality of the face and the gaze in general. The human face "orders and ordains" us (Levinas, 1985). It calls the subject into "giving and serving". Spatial organizations in Face-Formations have been shown focusing on the body, head, gaze. Scheflen: Human territories (1976). Kendon: F-formations (1976). Goodwin: Gaze direction / mutual orientation (1979). Goffman: Face-work (1955). Hall: Proxemics (1976). Goodwin: Contextual configurations (2007). Mondada: Interactional spaces (2009). But what if a participant is a visually impaired person (VIP)? VIP’s have heightened awareness of otherwise assumed practices that underlies social interaction. They must orient towards the visual perception of their seeing coparticipants, e.g., the importance of visual access to face in interaction. This requires additional interactional work (Garfinkel [1948] 2006 – on “troubled identities”). In this paper we study video mediated interaction between sighted and VIP. The VIP is born blind software developer working from home. He has an online meeting with co-workers. We study the opening of the meeting. The analysis shows how the VIP focus on interactional principles. Pre-topic interaction, greetings, courtesy, referential talk. But that the seeing co-worker focus on establishing face-to-screenface access prior to courtesy principles. When there is a possibility for visual access this is preferred. The face is prioritized as a precondition for co-presence. Simmel states: “the least diversion from this [eye contact], the slightest glance to the side, fully destroys the singularity of this bond.” (Simmel 2009: 571; cf. Rossano, 2012). Head and face orientation is a moral norm that is accountable when missing. Achieving a talking head configuration is a prerequisite for opening video-mediated interaction with blind people. References Brook, I. (2002). Experiencing Interiors: Ocularcentrism and Merleau-Ponty’s Redeeming of the Role of Vision. Journal of the British Society for Phenomenology, 33, 68–77. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071773.2002.11007361Due, B. L., & Lange, S. B. (2018). Troublesome Objects: Unpacking Ocular-Centrism in Urban Environments by Studying Blind Navigation Using Video Ethnography and Ethnomethodology: Sociological Research Online. https://doi.org/10.1177/1360780418811963Due, B. L. (2021). RoboDoc: Semiotic resources for achieving face-to-screenface formation with a telepresence robot. Semiotica, 238, 253–278. https://doi.org/10.1515/sem-2018-0148Due, B. L., & Lange, S. B. (2020). Body Part Highlighting: Exploring two types of embodied practices in two sub-types of showing sequences in video-mediated consultations. Social Interaction. Video-Based Studies of Human Sociality, 3(3). https://doi.org/10.7146/si.v3i3.122250Due, B. L., Lange, S. B., Nielsen, M. F., & Jarlskov, C. (2019). Mimicable embodied demonstration in a decomposed sequence: Two aspects of recipient design in professionals’ video-mediated encounters. Journal of Pragmatics, 152, 13–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2019.07.015Due, B. L., & Licoppe, C. (2020). Video-Mediated Interaction (VMI): Introduction to a special issue on the multimodal accomplishment of VMI institutional activities. Social Interaction. Video-Based Studies of Human Sociality, 3(3). https://doi.org/10.7146/si.v3i3.123836Goffman, E. (1955). On face-work an analysis of ritual elements in social interaction. Psychiatry, 18(3), 213–231.Goffman, E. (1963). Behavior in Public Places: Notes on the Social Organization of Gatheri. see notes for publisher info.Goodwin, C. (1979). The Interactive Construction of a Sentence in Natural Conversation. In G. Psathas (Ed.) Everyday Language: Studies in Ethnomethodology (pp. 97–121). New York, Irvington Publishers.Goodwin, C. (2007). Participation, Stance and Affect in the Organization of Activities. Discourse and Society, 18(1), 53–74.Halliday, M. A. K. (1975). Learning How to Mean: Explorations in the Development of Language. Edward Arnold.Heath, C., & Luff, P. (1993). Disembodied Conduct: Interactional Asymmetries in Video-Mediated Communication. /paper/Disembodied-Conduct%3A-Interactional-Asymmetries-in-Heath-Luff/bb2b742c5deaf8364ce3f863ac708f042d19e82cJay, M. (1994). Downcast Eyes: The Denigration of Vision in Twentieth-Century French Thought. University of California Press.Kendon, A. (1976). The F-Formation System: The Spatial Organization of Social Encounters. Man-Environment Systems, 6, 291–296.Lévinas, E. (1985). Ethics and Infinity (P. Nemo, Trans.). Duquesne University Press.Licoppe, C. (2015). Video communication and ‘camera actions’: The production of wide video shots in courtrooms with remote defendants. Journal of Pragmatics, 76(Supplement C), 117–134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2014.11.008Licoppe, C. (2017). Showing objects in Skype video-mediated conversations: From showing gestures to showing sequences. Journal of Pragmatics, 110, 63–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2017.01.007Licoppe, C., & Morel, J. (2012). Video-in-interaction: ‘“Talking heads”’ and the multimodal organization of mobile and skype video calls. Research on Language and Social Interaction, 45, 37–41.Licoppe, C., & Veyrier, C.-A. (2017). How to show the interpreter on screen? The normative organization of visual ecologies in multilingual courtrooms with video links. Journal of Pragmatics, 107, 147–164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2016.09.012Luff, P., Heath, C., Yamashita, N., Kuzuoka, H., & Jirotka, M. (2016). Embedded Reference: Translocating Gestures in Video-Mediated Interaction. Research on Language and Social Interaction, 49(4), 342–361. https://doi.org/10.1080/08351813.2016.1199088Macpherson, H. (2006). Landscape’s ocular-centrism—And beyond? In B. Tress, G. Tress, G. Fry, & P. Opdam (Eds.), From Landscape Research to Landscape Planning. Aspects of Integration, Education and Application (pp. 95–104). Springer.Mondada, L. (2009). Emergent focused interactions in public places: A systematic analysis of the multimodal achievement of a common interactional space. Journal of Pragmatics, 41(10), 1977–1997.Nielsen, A. M. R. (2020). Co-constructing the Video Consultation-competent patient. Social Interaction. Video-Based Studies of Human Sociality, 3(3), Article 3. https://doi.org/10.7146/si.v3i3.122708Nielsen, M. F. (2014). Not meeting your eyes. Skype and the Gaze of Family and Friendship Conference.Nielsen, M. F. (2019). Adjusting or verbalizing visuals in ICT mediated professional encounters. In D. Day & J. Wagner (Eds.), Objects, Bodies and Work Practices (pp. 191–215). Multilingual Matters.Rogers, S., Lunsford, M., Strother, L., & Kubovy, M. (2003). The Mona Lisa effect: Perception of gaze direction in real and pictured faces. In S. Rogers & J. Effken, Studies in Perception and Action VII (pp. 19–24). Lawrence Erlbaum.Simmel, G. (2009). Sociology: Inquiries into the Construction of Social Forms. In Sociology: Inquiries into the Construction of Social Forms. Brill. https://brill.com/view/title/17790Scheflen, A. E. (1976). Human Territories: How We Behave in Space-Time. Prentice-Hall.

AB - Video-Mediated Interaction and blindness: Preliminary observations on the accomplishment of organizing a face-to-screenface formation without sightThere is a morality of the face and the gaze in general. The human face "orders and ordains" us (Levinas, 1985). It calls the subject into "giving and serving". Spatial organizations in Face-Formations have been shown focusing on the body, head, gaze. Scheflen: Human territories (1976). Kendon: F-formations (1976). Goodwin: Gaze direction / mutual orientation (1979). Goffman: Face-work (1955). Hall: Proxemics (1976). Goodwin: Contextual configurations (2007). Mondada: Interactional spaces (2009). But what if a participant is a visually impaired person (VIP)? VIP’s have heightened awareness of otherwise assumed practices that underlies social interaction. They must orient towards the visual perception of their seeing coparticipants, e.g., the importance of visual access to face in interaction. This requires additional interactional work (Garfinkel [1948] 2006 – on “troubled identities”). In this paper we study video mediated interaction between sighted and VIP. The VIP is born blind software developer working from home. He has an online meeting with co-workers. We study the opening of the meeting. The analysis shows how the VIP focus on interactional principles. Pre-topic interaction, greetings, courtesy, referential talk. But that the seeing co-worker focus on establishing face-to-screenface access prior to courtesy principles. When there is a possibility for visual access this is preferred. The face is prioritized as a precondition for co-presence. Simmel states: “the least diversion from this [eye contact], the slightest glance to the side, fully destroys the singularity of this bond.” (Simmel 2009: 571; cf. Rossano, 2012). Head and face orientation is a moral norm that is accountable when missing. Achieving a talking head configuration is a prerequisite for opening video-mediated interaction with blind people. References Brook, I. (2002). Experiencing Interiors: Ocularcentrism and Merleau-Ponty’s Redeeming of the Role of Vision. Journal of the British Society for Phenomenology, 33, 68–77. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071773.2002.11007361Due, B. L., & Lange, S. B. (2018). Troublesome Objects: Unpacking Ocular-Centrism in Urban Environments by Studying Blind Navigation Using Video Ethnography and Ethnomethodology: Sociological Research Online. https://doi.org/10.1177/1360780418811963Due, B. L. (2021). RoboDoc: Semiotic resources for achieving face-to-screenface formation with a telepresence robot. Semiotica, 238, 253–278. https://doi.org/10.1515/sem-2018-0148Due, B. L., & Lange, S. B. (2020). Body Part Highlighting: Exploring two types of embodied practices in two sub-types of showing sequences in video-mediated consultations. Social Interaction. Video-Based Studies of Human Sociality, 3(3). https://doi.org/10.7146/si.v3i3.122250Due, B. L., Lange, S. B., Nielsen, M. F., & Jarlskov, C. (2019). Mimicable embodied demonstration in a decomposed sequence: Two aspects of recipient design in professionals’ video-mediated encounters. Journal of Pragmatics, 152, 13–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2019.07.015Due, B. L., & Licoppe, C. (2020). Video-Mediated Interaction (VMI): Introduction to a special issue on the multimodal accomplishment of VMI institutional activities. Social Interaction. Video-Based Studies of Human Sociality, 3(3). https://doi.org/10.7146/si.v3i3.123836Goffman, E. (1955). On face-work an analysis of ritual elements in social interaction. Psychiatry, 18(3), 213–231.Goffman, E. (1963). Behavior in Public Places: Notes on the Social Organization of Gatheri. see notes for publisher info.Goodwin, C. (1979). The Interactive Construction of a Sentence in Natural Conversation. In G. Psathas (Ed.) Everyday Language: Studies in Ethnomethodology (pp. 97–121). New York, Irvington Publishers.Goodwin, C. (2007). Participation, Stance and Affect in the Organization of Activities. Discourse and Society, 18(1), 53–74.Halliday, M. A. K. (1975). Learning How to Mean: Explorations in the Development of Language. Edward Arnold.Heath, C., & Luff, P. (1993). Disembodied Conduct: Interactional Asymmetries in Video-Mediated Communication. /paper/Disembodied-Conduct%3A-Interactional-Asymmetries-in-Heath-Luff/bb2b742c5deaf8364ce3f863ac708f042d19e82cJay, M. (1994). Downcast Eyes: The Denigration of Vision in Twentieth-Century French Thought. University of California Press.Kendon, A. (1976). The F-Formation System: The Spatial Organization of Social Encounters. Man-Environment Systems, 6, 291–296.Lévinas, E. (1985). Ethics and Infinity (P. Nemo, Trans.). Duquesne University Press.Licoppe, C. (2015). Video communication and ‘camera actions’: The production of wide video shots in courtrooms with remote defendants. Journal of Pragmatics, 76(Supplement C), 117–134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2014.11.008Licoppe, C. (2017). Showing objects in Skype video-mediated conversations: From showing gestures to showing sequences. Journal of Pragmatics, 110, 63–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2017.01.007Licoppe, C., & Morel, J. (2012). Video-in-interaction: ‘“Talking heads”’ and the multimodal organization of mobile and skype video calls. Research on Language and Social Interaction, 45, 37–41.Licoppe, C., & Veyrier, C.-A. (2017). How to show the interpreter on screen? The normative organization of visual ecologies in multilingual courtrooms with video links. Journal of Pragmatics, 107, 147–164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2016.09.012Luff, P., Heath, C., Yamashita, N., Kuzuoka, H., & Jirotka, M. (2016). Embedded Reference: Translocating Gestures in Video-Mediated Interaction. Research on Language and Social Interaction, 49(4), 342–361. https://doi.org/10.1080/08351813.2016.1199088Macpherson, H. (2006). Landscape’s ocular-centrism—And beyond? In B. Tress, G. Tress, G. Fry, & P. Opdam (Eds.), From Landscape Research to Landscape Planning. Aspects of Integration, Education and Application (pp. 95–104). Springer.Mondada, L. (2009). Emergent focused interactions in public places: A systematic analysis of the multimodal achievement of a common interactional space. Journal of Pragmatics, 41(10), 1977–1997.Nielsen, A. M. R. (2020). Co-constructing the Video Consultation-competent patient. Social Interaction. Video-Based Studies of Human Sociality, 3(3), Article 3. https://doi.org/10.7146/si.v3i3.122708Nielsen, M. F. (2014). Not meeting your eyes. Skype and the Gaze of Family and Friendship Conference.Nielsen, M. F. (2019). Adjusting or verbalizing visuals in ICT mediated professional encounters. In D. Day & J. Wagner (Eds.), Objects, Bodies and Work Practices (pp. 191–215). Multilingual Matters.Rogers, S., Lunsford, M., Strother, L., & Kubovy, M. (2003). The Mona Lisa effect: Perception of gaze direction in real and pictured faces. In S. Rogers & J. Effken, Studies in Perception and Action VII (pp. 19–24). Lawrence Erlbaum.Simmel, G. (2009). Sociology: Inquiries into the Construction of Social Forms. In Sociology: Inquiries into the Construction of Social Forms. Brill. https://brill.com/view/title/17790Scheflen, A. E. (1976). Human Territories: How We Behave in Space-Time. Prentice-Hall.

M3 - Conference abstract for conference

Y2 - 23 June 2021 through 25 June 2021

ER -