This study found modest use of AI for drug development focused primarily on early-stage applications and on anticancer and neurological therapies. Possible explanations include a lack of high-quality data available in the subsequent stages of drug discovery and uncertain regulatory expectations concerning late-stage AI applications. Study limitations included relying upon public disclosures by drug manufacturers. Ultimately, this study’s results suggest that greater clarity from medicines regulators is needed to guide sponsors over acceptable AI standards and applications to satisfy marketing authorization requirements.