Soil loss and resilience associated with end-Triassic deforestation
Research output: Contribution to conference › Conference abstract for conference › Research › peer-review
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Soil loss and resilience associated with end-Triassic deforestation. / van de Schootbrugge, Bas; Lindström, Sofie; Strother, Paul K; Hollaar, T; Kuhlmann, Natasha; Thein, Jean; van der Weijst, Carolein; van Konijnenburg-van Cittert, Han; Schobben, Martin A N; Visscher, Henk; Sluijs, Appy.
2019. Abstract from EGU Galileo Conference, Utrecht, Netherlands.Research output: Contribution to conference › Conference abstract for conference › Research › peer-review
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TY - ABST
T1 - Soil loss and resilience associated with end-Triassic deforestation
AU - van de Schootbrugge, Bas
AU - Lindström, Sofie
AU - Strother, Paul K
AU - Hollaar, T
AU - Kuhlmann, Natasha
AU - Thein, Jean
AU - van der Weijst, Carolein
AU - van Konijnenburg-van Cittert, Han
AU - Schobben, Martin A N
AU - Visscher, Henk
AU - Sluijs, Appy
N1 - Conference code: 5
PY - 2019
Y1 - 2019
N2 - Soils are a crucial link between the atmosphere, biosphere, and geosphere and disturbances to the health of soilswill severely impact plants as well as a multitude of organisms living in or on soils. Catastrophic soil loss isthought to have played a pivotal role during mass-extinction events as a result of major deforestation, but theexact feedbacks remain elusive. Here, we assess the role of soil loss into the end-Triassic mass-extinction eventbased on proxy data obtained from core material from France, Germany, England, Denmark, and Sweden. Claymineral and palynological data indicate a strong increase in chemical weathering and mechanical erosion duringthe latest Rhaetian with the influx of kaolinite and abundantly reworked Palaeozoic organic matter. Based on anew timeline, these changes were coeval with intense volcanic activity in the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province(CAMP), which released large quantities of volatiles that contributed directly and indirectly to enhanced weathering. Erosion rates likely also rose in response to deforestation, repeated forest fires, and seismic activity relatedto CAMP emplacement. Using a novel proxy based on biological degradation of fern spore walls, the intensityof biodegradation by fungi and bacteria, a process coupled to organic matter decay in soils, strongly decreasedacross the T/J boundary. We interpret this as evidence for the widespread removal of soils. Taken together, CAMPinduced environmental changes led to profound changes in weathering and erosion and removal of soils, while soilresilience during the Hettangian proceeded hand in hand with recovery in Jurassic seas
AB - Soils are a crucial link between the atmosphere, biosphere, and geosphere and disturbances to the health of soilswill severely impact plants as well as a multitude of organisms living in or on soils. Catastrophic soil loss isthought to have played a pivotal role during mass-extinction events as a result of major deforestation, but theexact feedbacks remain elusive. Here, we assess the role of soil loss into the end-Triassic mass-extinction eventbased on proxy data obtained from core material from France, Germany, England, Denmark, and Sweden. Claymineral and palynological data indicate a strong increase in chemical weathering and mechanical erosion duringthe latest Rhaetian with the influx of kaolinite and abundantly reworked Palaeozoic organic matter. Based on anew timeline, these changes were coeval with intense volcanic activity in the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province(CAMP), which released large quantities of volatiles that contributed directly and indirectly to enhanced weathering. Erosion rates likely also rose in response to deforestation, repeated forest fires, and seismic activity relatedto CAMP emplacement. Using a novel proxy based on biological degradation of fern spore walls, the intensityof biodegradation by fungi and bacteria, a process coupled to organic matter decay in soils, strongly decreasedacross the T/J boundary. We interpret this as evidence for the widespread removal of soils. Taken together, CAMPinduced environmental changes led to profound changes in weathering and erosion and removal of soils, while soilresilience during the Hettangian proceeded hand in hand with recovery in Jurassic seas
KW - Faculty of Science
KW - MASS EXTINCTION
KW - Triassic
KW - Jurassic
KW - reworking
KW - palynology
M3 - Conference abstract for conference
T2 - EGU Galileo Conference
Y2 - 28 August 2019 through 31 August 2019
ER -
ID: 359341677