Vitamin D status and current policies to achieve adequate vitamin D intake in the Nordic countries
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Vitamin D status and current policies to achieve adequate vitamin D intake in the Nordic countries. / Itkonen, Suvi T; Andersen, Rikke; Björk, Anne K; Brugård Konde, Åsa; Eneroth, Hanna; Erkkola, Maijaliisa; Holvik, Kristin; Madar, Ahmed A; Meyer, Haakon E; Tetens, Inge; Torfadóttir, Jóhanna E; Thórisdóttir, Birna; Lamberg-Allardt, Christel J E.
In: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, Vol. 49, No. 6, 2021, p. 616-627.Research output: Contribution to journal › Review › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Vitamin D status and current policies to achieve adequate vitamin D intake in the Nordic countries
AU - Itkonen, Suvi T
AU - Andersen, Rikke
AU - Björk, Anne K
AU - Brugård Konde, Åsa
AU - Eneroth, Hanna
AU - Erkkola, Maijaliisa
AU - Holvik, Kristin
AU - Madar, Ahmed A
AU - Meyer, Haakon E
AU - Tetens, Inge
AU - Torfadóttir, Jóhanna E
AU - Thórisdóttir, Birna
AU - Lamberg-Allardt, Christel J E
N1 - CURIS 2021 NEXS 315
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - Aims: Nordic countries share fairly similar food culture and geographical location as well as common nutrition recommendations. The aim of this paper was to review the latest data on vitamin D status and intake and to describe the national supplementation and food fortification policies to achieve adequate vitamin D intake in the Nordic countries. Methods: The data are based on results derived from a literature search presented in a workshop held in Helsinki in November 2018 and completed by recent studies. Results: Vitamin D policies and the implementation of the recommendations differ among the Nordic countries. Vitamin D fortification policies can be mandatory or voluntary and widespread, moderate or non-existent. Vitamin D supplementation recommendations differ, ranging from all age groups being advised to take supplements to only infants. In the general adult population of the Nordic countries, vitamin D status and intake are better than in the risk groups that are not consuming vitamin D supplements or foods containing vitamin D. Non-Western immigrant populations in all Nordic countries share the problem of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency. Conclusions: Despite the common nutrition recommendations, there are differences between the Nordic countries in the implementation of the recommendations and policies to achieve adequate vitamin D intake and status. There is a need for wider Nordic collaboration studies as well as strategies to improve vitamin D status, especially in risk groups.
AB - Aims: Nordic countries share fairly similar food culture and geographical location as well as common nutrition recommendations. The aim of this paper was to review the latest data on vitamin D status and intake and to describe the national supplementation and food fortification policies to achieve adequate vitamin D intake in the Nordic countries. Methods: The data are based on results derived from a literature search presented in a workshop held in Helsinki in November 2018 and completed by recent studies. Results: Vitamin D policies and the implementation of the recommendations differ among the Nordic countries. Vitamin D fortification policies can be mandatory or voluntary and widespread, moderate or non-existent. Vitamin D supplementation recommendations differ, ranging from all age groups being advised to take supplements to only infants. In the general adult population of the Nordic countries, vitamin D status and intake are better than in the risk groups that are not consuming vitamin D supplements or foods containing vitamin D. Non-Western immigrant populations in all Nordic countries share the problem of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency. Conclusions: Despite the common nutrition recommendations, there are differences between the Nordic countries in the implementation of the recommendations and policies to achieve adequate vitamin D intake and status. There is a need for wider Nordic collaboration studies as well as strategies to improve vitamin D status, especially in risk groups.
KW - Faculty of Science
KW - Vitamin D
KW - Nordic
KW - Policy
KW - Nutrition recommendations
KW - Implementation
KW - Vitamin D status
KW - 25-hydroxyvitamin D
KW - Vitamin D fortification
KW - Vitamin D intake
KW - Nutrition
U2 - 10.1177/1403494819896878
DO - 10.1177/1403494819896878
M3 - Review
C2 - 31916497
VL - 49
SP - 616
EP - 627
JO - Acta socio-medica Scandinavica
JF - Acta socio-medica Scandinavica
SN - 1403-4948
IS - 6
ER -
ID: 237654255