Identifying Bottom-Up and Top-Down Components of Attentional Weight by Experimental Analysis and Computational Modeling
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Identifying Bottom-Up and Top-Down Components of Attentional Weight by Experimental Analysis and Computational Modeling. / Nordfang, Maria; Dyrholm, Mads; Bundesen, Claus.
I: Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, Bind 142, Nr. 2, 2013, s. 510-537.Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › fagfællebedømt
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Identifying Bottom-Up and Top-Down Components of Attentional Weight by Experimental Analysis and Computational Modeling
AU - Nordfang, Maria
AU - Dyrholm, Mads
AU - Bundesen, Claus
PY - 2013
Y1 - 2013
N2 - The attentional weight of a visual object depends on the contrast of the features of the object to its local surroundings (feature contrast) and the relevance of the features to one’s goals (feature relevance). We investigated the dependency in partial report experiments with briefly presented stimuli but unspeededresponses. The task was to report the letters from a mixture of letters (targets) and digits (distractors). Color was irrelevant to the task, but many stimulus displays contained an item (target or distractor) in a deviant color (a color singleton). The results showed concurrent effects of feature contrast (colorsingleton vs. nonsingleton) and relevance (target vs. distractor). A singleton target had a higher probability of being reported than did a nonsingleton target, and a singleton distractor interfered more strongly with report of targets than did a nonsingleton distractor. Measured by use of Bundesen’s (1990) computational theory of visual attention, the attentional weight of a singleton object was nearlyproportional to the weight of an otherwise similar nonsingleton object, with a factor of proportionality that increased with the strength of the feature contrast of the singleton. This result is explained by generalizing the weight equation of Bundesen’s (1990) theory of visual attention such that the attentional weight of an object becomes a product of a bottom-up (feature contrast) and a top-down (feature relevance) component.
AB - The attentional weight of a visual object depends on the contrast of the features of the object to its local surroundings (feature contrast) and the relevance of the features to one’s goals (feature relevance). We investigated the dependency in partial report experiments with briefly presented stimuli but unspeededresponses. The task was to report the letters from a mixture of letters (targets) and digits (distractors). Color was irrelevant to the task, but many stimulus displays contained an item (target or distractor) in a deviant color (a color singleton). The results showed concurrent effects of feature contrast (colorsingleton vs. nonsingleton) and relevance (target vs. distractor). A singleton target had a higher probability of being reported than did a nonsingleton target, and a singleton distractor interfered more strongly with report of targets than did a nonsingleton distractor. Measured by use of Bundesen’s (1990) computational theory of visual attention, the attentional weight of a singleton object was nearlyproportional to the weight of an otherwise similar nonsingleton object, with a factor of proportionality that increased with the strength of the feature contrast of the singleton. This result is explained by generalizing the weight equation of Bundesen’s (1990) theory of visual attention such that the attentional weight of an object becomes a product of a bottom-up (feature contrast) and a top-down (feature relevance) component.
KW - Faculty of Social Sciences
KW - visual attention
KW - stimulus-driven
KW - goal-driven
KW - theory of visual attention
KW - computational modeling
U2 - 10.1037/a0029631
DO - 10.1037/a0029631
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 22889161
VL - 142
SP - 510
EP - 537
JO - Journal of Experimental Psychology: General
JF - Journal of Experimental Psychology: General
SN - 0096-3445
IS - 2
ER -
ID: 40663225