Trajectories of depression symptoms from pre- to post- deployment: does previous trauma predict symptom increase?
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Trajectories of depression symptoms from pre- to post- deployment : does previous trauma predict symptom increase? / Karstoft, Karen-Inge; Nielsen, Anni Brit Sternhagen; Armour, Cherie; Vedtofte, Mia Sadowa; Andersen, Søren Bo.
I: Journal of Affective Disorders, Bind 266, 2020, s. 120-127.Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › fagfællebedømt
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Trajectories of depression symptoms from pre- to post- deployment
T2 - does previous trauma predict symptom increase?
AU - Karstoft, Karen-Inge
AU - Nielsen, Anni Brit Sternhagen
AU - Armour, Cherie
AU - Vedtofte, Mia Sadowa
AU - Andersen, Søren Bo
PY - 2020
Y1 - 2020
N2 - BackgroundA significant minority of individuals experience depression following military deployment. The course of depression symptoms varies over time and across individuals; several factors including combat exposure influence depressions incidence and course. Importantly, previous trauma, especially in childhood, have been found increase the risk of post-deployment depression.MethodsIn a prospective sample of 530 soldiers deployed to Afghanistan in 2009, we used latent growth mixture modeling (LGMM) to estimate trajectories of depression symptoms from before through 6.5 years after deployment. In a multinomial logistic regression model, we tested if childhood and adult life trauma predicted trajectory membership in combination with combat exposure and neuroticism.ResultsWe identified a large trajectory of few depression symptoms from before through 6.5 years after deployment (Low-stable, 86.5%), a trajectory with somewhat elevated symptoms (Medium-fluctuating, 4.0%), and a trajectory with few symptoms before deployment and a steep increase to a severe symptom level 6.5 years after deployment (Low-increasing, 9.4%). The Low-increasing trajectory was predicted by lower rank and childhood trauma, while the Medium-fluctuating trajectory was predicted by neuroticism, adult life trauma, and post-deployment PTSD symptoms.LimitationsAttrition and use of self-report measures for depression and trauma.ConclusionsDepression symptoms follow a heterogeneous course from before through 6.5 years after deployment with 9.4% experiencing symptom increase, resulting in severe symptoms 6.5 years after deployment. Trajectories are differentially predicted by rank, childhood and adult life trauma as well as neuroticism and PTSD symptoms, illustrating the clinical importance of taking individual differences of symptom course into account.
AB - BackgroundA significant minority of individuals experience depression following military deployment. The course of depression symptoms varies over time and across individuals; several factors including combat exposure influence depressions incidence and course. Importantly, previous trauma, especially in childhood, have been found increase the risk of post-deployment depression.MethodsIn a prospective sample of 530 soldiers deployed to Afghanistan in 2009, we used latent growth mixture modeling (LGMM) to estimate trajectories of depression symptoms from before through 6.5 years after deployment. In a multinomial logistic regression model, we tested if childhood and adult life trauma predicted trajectory membership in combination with combat exposure and neuroticism.ResultsWe identified a large trajectory of few depression symptoms from before through 6.5 years after deployment (Low-stable, 86.5%), a trajectory with somewhat elevated symptoms (Medium-fluctuating, 4.0%), and a trajectory with few symptoms before deployment and a steep increase to a severe symptom level 6.5 years after deployment (Low-increasing, 9.4%). The Low-increasing trajectory was predicted by lower rank and childhood trauma, while the Medium-fluctuating trajectory was predicted by neuroticism, adult life trauma, and post-deployment PTSD symptoms.LimitationsAttrition and use of self-report measures for depression and trauma.ConclusionsDepression symptoms follow a heterogeneous course from before through 6.5 years after deployment with 9.4% experiencing symptom increase, resulting in severe symptoms 6.5 years after deployment. Trajectories are differentially predicted by rank, childhood and adult life trauma as well as neuroticism and PTSD symptoms, illustrating the clinical importance of taking individual differences of symptom course into account.
KW - Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences
KW - Military Personnel
KW - Neuroticism
KW - Trauma
KW - prospective studies
KW - Depression
U2 - 10.1016/j.jad.2020.01.112
DO - 10.1016/j.jad.2020.01.112
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 32056865
VL - 266
SP - 120
EP - 127
JO - Journal of Affective Disorders
JF - Journal of Affective Disorders
SN - 0165-0327
ER -
ID: 234938630